Sea Guardian is currently performing three tasks in the Mediterranean Sea: maritime situational awareness, counter-terrorism at sea and support to capacity-building. The operation was terminated in October 2016 and was succeeded by Sea Guardian, a flexible maritime operation able to perform the full range of maritime security operations tasks. In October 2001, it launched the maritime surveillance Operation Active Endeavour , focused on detecting and deterring terrorist activity in the Mediterranean. In the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist attacks, NATO immediately began to take measures to expand the options available to counter the threat of international terrorism. NATO operations are not limited only to zones of conflict. The normalisation of relations between Serbia and Kosovo is key to solving the political deadlock over northern Kosovo. Meanwhile, NATO strongly supports the European Union-sponsored Dialogue between Belgrade and Pristina. It has since helped to create a professional and multi-ethnic Kosovo Security Force, which is a lightly armed force responsible for security tasks that are not appropriate for the police.
The tempo and diversity of operations and missions in which NATO is involved have increased since the early 1990s.įollowing Kosovo's declaration of independence in February 2008, NATO agreed it would continue to maintain its presence on the basis of United Nations (UN) Security Council Resolution 1244. While neither an operation nor a mission as such, NATO is supporting civilian efforts to fight the COVID-19 pandemic in member and partner countries, and providing support for local authorities where NATO troops are deployed. It also carries out disaster relief operations and missions to protect populations against natural, technological or humanitarian disasters. Furthermore, NATO is assisting with the response to the refugee and migrant crisis in Europe and has Patriot missiles and AWACS aircraft deployed in Turkey. 
NATO is also supporting the African Union and conducting air policing missions on the request of its Allies. In 2018, NATO initiated a training mission in Iraq, which aims at developing the capacity of Iraq’s security forces, its defence and security institutions, and its national defence academies. NATO leads operations in Kosovo and the Mediterranean. It is engaged in operations and missions around the world, managing often complex ground, air and naval operations in all types of environment with the outbreak of COVID-19, NATO is ensuring that deployed personnel are protected from the ongoing pandemic. NATO is a crisis management organisation that has the capacity to undertake a wide range of military operations and missions.
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